Which of the following is not a role that project managers must be able to fulfill?

In the context of project management, each identified role is essential for the success of a project, but the role of planner is often considered to be a more foundational skill rather than a specific role that project managers must always actively embody.

Project managers typically act as leaders, guiding their teams and making decisions that align with the project goals. They take charge of motivating team members and ensuring that everyone is focused on common objectives. As facilitators, they also play a crucial role in ensuring that communication flows smoothly among team members and stakeholders, removing obstacles and enabling effective collaboration.

Additionally, project managers often take on the role of mentors, providing guidance and sharing knowledge with their team members, helping them grow professionally. Mentorship fosters a supportive environment that can enhance team dynamics and individual performance.

While planning is an integral part of project management, it is often delegated to team members with specific expertise or to project management tools. Thus, while planning is certainly a critical competency for project managers to understand, it is not necessarily a dynamic role that they must fulfill. They may rely on their teams to carry out planning activities while maintaining oversight and direction.

This differentiation underscores why the role of planner is the answer; project managers are expected to lead, mentor, and facilitate, whereas the